This paper is about an extraordinary phenomenon. Suppose we don't use any low-light images as training data, can we enhance a low-light image by deep learning? Obviously, current methods cannot do this, since deep neural networks require to train their scads of parameters using copious amounts of training data, especially task-related data. In this paper, we show that in the context of fundamental deep learning, it is possible to enhance a low-light image without any task-related training data. Technically, we propose a new, magical, effective and efficient method, termed \underline{Noi}se \underline{SE}lf-\underline{R}egression (NoiSER), which learns a gray-world mapping from Gaussian distribution for low-light image enhancement (LLIE). Specifically, a self-regression model is built as a carrier to learn a gray-world mapping during training, which is performed by simply iteratively feeding random noise. During inference, a low-light image is directly fed into the learned mapping to yield a normal-light one. Extensive experiments show that our NoiSER is highly competitive to current task-related data based LLIE models in terms of quantitative and visual results, while outperforming them in terms of the number of parameters, training time and inference speed. With only about 1K parameters, NoiSER realizes about 1 minute for training and 1.2 ms for inference with 600$\times$400 resolution on RTX 2080 Ti. Besides, NoiSER has an inborn automated exposure suppression capability and can automatically adjust too bright or too dark, without additional manipulations.

盲目图像脱毛（BID）仍然是一项具有挑战性且重大的任务。从深度学习的强大合适能力中受益，成对的数据驱动的监督竞标方法取得了巨大进展。但是，配对数据通常是手工合成的，现实的模糊比合成数据更复杂，这使得监督的方法无能为力地建模现实的模糊和阻碍其现实世界的应用。因此，没有配对数据的无监督的深入竞标方法提供了某些优势，但是当前的方法仍然存在一些缺点，例如笨重的模型大小，较长的推理时间以及严格的图像分辨率和域要求。在本文中，我们提出了一个轻巧和实时的无监督的投标基线，称为频域对比度损失约束的轻质自行车（不久，fcl-gan），具有吸引人的特性，即无图像域限制，无图像分辨率限制，25x，25x比SOTA轻，比Sota快5倍。为了确保轻巧的属性和性能优势，设计了两个新的合作单元，称为轻量级域转换单元（LDCU）和无参数频域对比单元（PFCU）。 LDCU主要以轻质方式实现域间转换。 PFCU进一步探讨了频域中模糊域和尖锐域图像之间的相似性度量，外部差异和内部连接，而无需涉及额外的参数。在几个图像数据集上进行的广泛实验证明了我们的FCL-GAN在性能，模型大小和参考时间方面的有效性。

本文提出了一种新的规划和控制策略，用于赛车场景中的多辆车竞争。所提出的赛车策略在两种模式之间切换。当没有周围的车辆时，使用基于学习的模型预测控制（MPC）轨迹策划器用于保证自助车辆更好地实现了更好的搭接定时。当EGO车辆与其他围绕车辆竞争以超车时，基于优化的策划器通过并行计算产生多个动态可行的轨迹。每个轨迹在MPC配方下进行优化，其具有不同的同型贝塞尔曲线参考路径，横向于周围的车辆之间。选择这些不同的同型轨迹之间的时间最佳轨迹，并使用具有障碍物避免约束的低级MPC控制器来保证系统的安全性能。所提出的算法具有能够生成无碰撞轨迹并跟踪它们，同时提高杠杆定时性能，稳定的低计算复杂性，优于汽车赛车环境的时序和性能中的现有方法。为了展示我们的赛车策略的表现，我们在轨道上模拟了多个随机生成的移动车辆，并测试自我车辆的超越机动。

采用注意机制的普遍性引起了人们对注意力分布的解释性的关注。尽管它提供了有关模型如何运行的见解，但由于对模型预测的解释仍然非常怀疑，但它利用了注意力。社区仍在寻求更容易解释的策略，以更好地识别最终决定最大的本地活跃地区。为了提高现有注意模型的解释性，我们提出了一种新型的双线性代表性非参数注意（BR-NPA）策略，该策略捕获了与任务相关的人类解剖信息。目标模型首先要蒸馏以具有高分辨率中间特征图。然后，根据本地成对特征相似性将代表性特征分组，以产生更精确的，更精确的注意力图，突出显示输入的任务相关部分。获得的注意图根据化合物特征的活性水平进行对，该功能提供了有关突出显示区域的重要水平的信息。提出的模型可以很容易地在涉及分类的各种现代深层模型中进行调整。与最先进的注意力模型和可视化方法相比，广泛的定量和定性实验显示了更全面和准确的视觉解释，以及跨多个任务的可视化方法，包括细粒度的图像分类，很少的射击分类和人重新识别，而无需损害该方法分类精度。提出的可视化模型急切地阐明了神经网络如何在不同任务中以不同的方式“注意他们的注意力”。

Compressed videos often exhibit visually annoying artifacts, known as Perceivable Encoding Artifacts (PEAs), which dramatically degrade video visual quality. Subjective and objective measures capable of identifying and quantifying various types of PEAs are critical in improving visual quality. In this paper, we investigate the influence of four spatial PEAs (i.e. blurring, blocking, bleeding, and ringing) and two temporal PEAs (i.e. flickering and floating) on video quality. For spatial artifacts, we propose a visual saliency model with a low computational cost and higher consistency with human visual perception. In terms of temporal artifacts, self-attention based TimeSFormer is improved to detect temporal artifacts. Based on the six types of PEAs, a quality metric called Saliency-Aware Spatio-Temporal Artifacts Measurement (SSTAM) is proposed. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art metrics. We believe that SSTAM will be beneficial for optimizing video coding techniques.

As one of the most important psychic stress reactions, micro-expressions (MEs), are spontaneous and transient facial expressions that can reveal the genuine emotions of human beings. Thus, recognizing MEs (MER) automatically is becoming increasingly crucial in the field of affective computing, and provides essential technical support in lie detection, psychological analysis and other areas. However, the lack of abundant ME data seriously restricts the development of cutting-edge data-driven MER models. Despite the recent efforts of several spontaneous ME datasets to alleviate this problem, it is still a tiny amount of work. To solve the problem of ME data hunger, we construct a dynamic spontaneous ME dataset with the largest current ME data scale, called DFME (Dynamic Facial Micro-expressions), which includes 7,526 well-labeled ME videos induced by 671 participants and annotated by more than 20 annotators throughout three years. Afterwards, we adopt four classical spatiotemporal feature learning models on DFME to perform MER experiments to objectively verify the validity of DFME dataset. In addition, we explore different solutions to the class imbalance and key-frame sequence sampling problems in dynamic MER respectively on DFME, so as to provide a valuable reference for future research. The comprehensive experimental results show that our DFME dataset can facilitate the research of automatic MER, and provide a new benchmark for MER. DFME will be published via https://mea-lab-421.github.io.

Face Anti-spoofing (FAS) is essential to secure face recognition systems from various physical attacks. However, recent research generally focuses on short-distance applications (i.e., phone unlocking) while lacking consideration of long-distance scenes (i.e., surveillance security checks). In order to promote relevant research and fill this gap in the community, we collect a large-scale Surveillance High-Fidelity Mask (SuHiFiMask) dataset captured under 40 surveillance scenes, which has 101 subjects from different age groups with 232 3D attacks (high-fidelity masks), 200 2D attacks (posters, portraits, and screens), and 2 adversarial attacks. In this scene, low image resolution and noise interference are new challenges faced in surveillance FAS. Together with the SuHiFiMask dataset, we propose a Contrastive Quality-Invariance Learning (CQIL) network to alleviate the performance degradation caused by image quality from three aspects: (1) An Image Quality Variable module (IQV) is introduced to recover image information associated with discrimination by combining the super-resolution network. (2) Using generated sample pairs to simulate quality variance distributions to help contrastive learning strategies obtain robust feature representation under quality variation. (3) A Separate Quality Network (SQN) is designed to learn discriminative features independent of image quality. Finally, a large number of experiments verify the quality of the SuHiFiMask dataset and the superiority of the proposed CQIL.

Interview has been regarded as one of the most crucial step for recruitment. To fully prepare for the interview with the recruiters, job seekers usually practice with mock interviews between each other. However, such a mock interview with peers is generally far away from the real interview experience: the mock interviewers are not guaranteed to be professional and are not likely to behave like a real interviewer. Due to the rapid growth of online recruitment in recent years, recruiters tend to have online interviews, which makes it possible to collect real interview data from real interviewers. In this paper, we propose a novel application named EZInterviewer, which aims to learn from the online interview data and provides mock interview services to the job seekers. The task is challenging in two ways: (1) the interview data are now available but still of low-resource; (2) to generate meaningful and relevant interview dialogs requires thorough understanding of both resumes and job descriptions. To address the low-resource challenge, EZInterviewer is trained on a very small set of interview dialogs. The key idea is to reduce the number of parameters that rely on interview dialogs by disentangling the knowledge selector and dialog generator so that most parameters can be trained with ungrounded dialogs as well as the resume data that are not low-resource. Evaluation results on a real-world job interview dialog dataset indicate that we achieve promising results to generate mock interviews. With the help of EZInterviewer, we hope to make mock interview practice become easier for job seekers.

Nowadays, time-stamped web documents related to a general news query floods spread throughout the Internet, and timeline summarization targets concisely summarizing the evolution trajectory of events along the timeline. Unlike traditional document summarization, timeline summarization needs to model the time series information of the input events and summarize important events in chronological order. To tackle this challenge, in this paper, we propose a Unified Timeline Summarizer (UTS) that can generate abstractive and extractive timeline summaries in time order. Concretely, in the encoder part, we propose a graph-based event encoder that relates multiple events according to their content dependency and learns a global representation of each event. In the decoder part, to ensure the chronological order of the abstractive summary, we propose to extract the feature of event-level attention in its generation process with sequential information remained and use it to simulate the evolutionary attention of the ground truth summary. The event-level attention can also be used to assist in extracting summary, where the extracted summary also comes in time sequence. We augment the previous Chinese large-scale timeline summarization dataset and collect a new English timeline dataset. Extensive experiments conducted on these datasets and on the out-of-domain Timeline 17 dataset show that UTS achieves state-of-the-art performance in terms of both automatic and human evaluations.

For Prognostics and Health Management (PHM) of Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, many models have been established to characterize their degradation process. The existing empirical or physical models can reveal important information regarding the degradation dynamics. However, there is no general and flexible methods to fuse the information represented by those models. Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) is an efficient tool to fuse empirical or physical dynamic models with data-driven models. To take full advantage of various information sources, we propose a model fusion scheme based on PINN. It is implemented by developing a semi-empirical semi-physical Partial Differential Equation (PDE) to model the degradation dynamics of Li-ion-batteries. When there is little prior knowledge about the dynamics, we leverage the data-driven Deep Hidden Physics Model (DeepHPM) to discover the underlying governing dynamic models. The uncovered dynamics information is then fused with that mined by the surrogate neural network in the PINN framework. Moreover, an uncertainty-based adaptive weighting method is employed to balance the multiple learning tasks when training the PINN. The proposed methods are verified on a public dataset of Li-ion Phosphate (LFP)/graphite batteries.